Mortising machine



NOV. 23, 1943. H MANSFIELD 2,334,829

, MORfIISING MACHINE I Filed Nov. 29, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 23, 1943. J. H. MANSFIELD MORTISING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed NOV. 29, 1940 w my aw Patented Nov. 23, 19431 Greenlee Bros. & Co.

' :tion of Illinois Rockford, 111., a corpora- Application November 29, remedial-Norseman;

: sciaims. ci;ital--48) a.

1 This inventionlrelat'es to mortising machines of the type in W'inch'a holIOWchiseLmember is sup- 'plemented by one or more-auger bits fot'aftabl'y mounted in the chisel for performing asubstantial part of the removal of materialin the mor l tising operation. t t V Oneobject of the invention is toprovide anini proved mortising head and tool for amachine of "lsaime'planeas l 'igure 3,'showin g' one oi-theauger this character in which a: plurality ofjauger, bits I are rotatably associated with the chisel member. Another: object of the invention isto provide a bits and adjacent portions Qfthe chisel member.

Eigure 8 'is' atrans'verse s 'fc atedatline 88 on Figure 2.

- I'Alth'ugh I have shown in the drawings, and shal'Ihereindescribe in detailjfa single form of "the invention, I do not intend to limitthe invenntion to the particular-form sho'wn ,-;but aim to cover an modifications and-alternative constructionscoming within the scope of the claims.

Thernortising maohine illustrated generally in driving train for a plurality iof auger bits thus associated with a chisel member, said train being arranged to permit the auger bits to operate very ICIOSE to each other upon parallel axes. j" A further object is .toiprovidefor individual en-dwise adjustmentv of vthe bitsin relation to Figure 1 includes an upright frame I, havinga work n supporting table 2 and-ahead 3 'slidably mounted in; the frame for movementtowardran i from the table. By means of suitable linkage, not shown, housed within the frame I, a treadle I 4 isarranged to control this vertical movement of the chiselmember to compensate for weari and when it is sharpened. e 1

Itis also an-object of the inventionto provide "an auger bit for use within the chiselyof a ino'r tising machine and, having-provision for feeding for grinding back ofthe cutting edges of the chisel out the chips, but speciallyformedto prevent the chips from-packing"at the upper end of the" grooved-portion of the-bit. H More spe cifically,'-it is an objectiof'the invention to provide an auger bit for rotation within aboreof thechisel of a mortising ma-chinesaid bit having a helical'groove for-conveying the iehips upwardly from the cutting and to a point of discharge, and having an oppositely helical groove in its upper portion for preventing the chips from packing around the upper hit and in the bore of the chisel.

other objects and advantages will ap'pearirom the following description taken in connection with "the accompanying drawings in which: I i

-Eigurel is a side elevation of a mortising ma- Figure 2 is a front elevationpartlyin section,

' showing the tool head and mortising chisel secendof the :3 s

the head 3jforfeeding the chisel member 5 into ithework piece, indicatedat 6, to form a mortise.

therein; It may be understood thatthe mortising tool is of the type which includesv once! more anger bits rotatably'carried within the toolflfor A A0 chine of the type to which this invention applies.

tion being taken substantially at the planezof the iaxes of the auger bits and their drive shafts;

Figure 3 is a vertical section' taken' principally and also between -Eachof the auger bits includes a pointed removing a substantial portion of'the material in the process of form-ingamorti'se. Thesebi-tsare l driven 'by means of a suitable electric motor 1 en "closed' within a housing 1 which surinounts the head 3, and is connected to move withit'thronghout its range ofverticaladjustment inthe'fraine l.

The head 3 is shown on a'larger scale in Fig- *ures 2 m sg'which include 'alsothe chisel 5 0i rectangular cross section, havin fitsyupper end portion fitted into and securelyblampedin'tl're head by means of elampin nuts ,fiwhihtbear against a separable portion 9 at the lower jen'd' o'f the headjt, 1 'Ijhe chisel member 5 is proi id'ed with a plurality of auger bits I16. which, in the'p'artioular tool illustrated; are fourin number and are rotatably mounted within parallel jbores .151 Tin the body of thechisel member 5. i center' 12 and asingle spur ror cutter l3 at its' lower ;end, and" the end portion M which carries" the center l2 andcutter I3 is of slightly largerdiame- ,ter than the bore II and is tapered back. to its qconnection with the helically groovec l body portion of the bit in which a helicallgroove i5 is '-formed for conveyin the chips upwardly from 'the cutting'end. 'I'heglower end of theiborel I is slightly-flared at l6 to accommodatetheutapered end portion M of .the bit, but suitable running v clearance is provided between these tapered'parts the main body of the bit and the'bor'el-l ll 4 slotf H is 'fdrmedin the front w-all of the ction taken as indiv ,d rive spindle. 23. 7

7 7 and similar slots 18 are formed in the back wall, lalso registering withthe respective bores so that as the auger bits I B rotate, the chips carried upward by the helical conveyor grooves 15 may be: dischargedffrom the interior of the chisel.

Preferably, to avoid unduly weakening the chisel. body through too great a portion of its length, theopenings 11 and}?! are vertically .oifset' with respect to each other, the openings; extending of its threaded connection at, M with'its spindle 23 so as'to bring the tapered end portion [4 into this material might pack and clog the upper end portionof the helicalgroove or the cylindrical shank IQ of the bit so as to seriously impair its;

operation. To prevent this, an oppositely helicalgroove 28, which neednot consist of more than a single turnQis formed adjoining theg'roove" {Eat the upper end ,so as tofoperate as a conveyor,

tending to feed downwardly any chips which are carried to this height by theg'ro'ove i 5; andsince 'the opening I'lextends opposite the lower end 'of' the 'grcove' 29 where it connects 'with the groove 15, the chips feeding downward along the groove 26!,and thus feedingupward alongthe groove it, are easily discharged through the opening I] as they tend to accumulate, at the junction of the two helical passages. Thus it is rendered certain thatthe chips'willnot' accumu- 'lateinthe upper end of'the'ohisel membert,

and that they will not interferewith the free running of the auger bits'llt.

' As seen in Figure 3, the shank-of each-bitl tion'2l at its upper end; and this part is'screwed into the threaded bore 22 of a 'drive' spindle '23 journaled inthe head 3"of the machine. Below the-ithreaded-portion 22 theen'd-of the spindle. is counterbored at 2 and is formed; with clutch ablyengages'ina greove or; key slot 28 in the shank 190i the-auger bitii] for driving-it. when .the'collar 21 is positioned with its clutch teeth 7 .in engagement with the toothedlower end the seen. in Figurelga separate clutch collar lZlis provided for each of .the. augerbits Lil. These clutch collars are. normally. held, in. driving re'- lation to the Tspindle's 'fifil'by means, offa slide .2 9 guided forflimitedlvertical .moveinnt in the spindles.

correct relation to the flared portion I6 of the bore in the chisel to insure that the auger will run freely in the chisel but without excessive clearance, and with its cutting spur I3 properlyv related to the lower end of the chisel body 5. i It will be understood that the lower edges and f .eorners of, the .body 5 are sharpened to cut away. 10 lower in the chisel body'than'the openings ll, and the openings I'll Ex ending higher-than the--*- openingslil, as clearly seen in Figure 7. p

But inspite of the provision of thedis'charg slots l1 and I8 there is a tendency forfs'orne of .the chips to continue upwardly in response to the 1 1 conveyor feed of'the groove 15, andeventually the portions ofthe niortise'which are not removed by the augers themselves, ;andjtha1;'re-1 sharpening of these edges will alter theirrelation I I -to the lower ends of the augers so as to require readjustment of the latterby means oi-their threaded connections at 2| with the drive spindles" g 23; When eachflof the angers has been satisfactorily adjusted its' clutch collar 21 is turned g ,afew degrees one way or the other to bring 'its' driving teeth'l26 into registration between the teeth 25 of the spindle, and the cam shaft-33 is; turned back to the positioniillustrated in'Figure 3 forf elevating" the slide 29 'and 1 thus lifting .'the clutch collars It may beunderstood that each of the auger bits lfihasfitscutting spur l3 so .positioned as' 1 to cut, a bore whose diameter is substantially equalfto the thicknessfof thechisel member 5-, L as'fmeasured between its front and back outer faces. And, asindicated in Figure 2; the auger bits ID are mounted in thechisel member 5 with their axes asclose together aspos's'ible so that the lower end portions M of adjacent bits'run very close together and their cutters'l3 remove a large proportion of the material to be-c'ut' away in formingthemo'rtisel In order that the augers III and their drive spindles 23 may be 7 groupedso' closely a gear train for driving the includes a reduced and threaded terminal. pen-1 in the same. directionandboth gears 3.8 driven by, each idler 31 rotate hr the same. direction; x

' hence; all four oi the spindleslt are driven in the same direction while the staggered arrangment head 3 upon slide plates @fljwhich are securedto the front face L01 the head by screws 3i, and

extend into engagernpent with vertical grooves inopposite sides of the slide member 29., This 'I'neinber 29 is bored to accommodate theisha'nks IQ of vtheauger bits, and is counterbored at 32 'torengage thelower endsof the clutch collars "2i.

; The slide. rests upon ar'ock shaft 33 extending across thehead 3, and said shaft is formedwith a flat face 34 at one side, so that when theishaft'i s turned through an angle of degrees by means of its handle'i fi it actsas a cam to lower the 'slide'129 onto the fiat face 3'3, thus lowering the "clutch collars "21 out of driving connection with thetoothed lower ends of the spind1es*Z,3'.;

With the slide 29 and the clutchicollars 21 thus lowered it is possible to rotate ea .h :o f th e auger bits! for adjusting .it endwise bymeans 'duction'. I I V Near the upper end each spindle 23 is provided spindles 23"is'arranged-as shown inFigureA.

From the housing"? a drive shaft=35 extends into the head 3; and within a chamber 3% formed within theihead 3 said shaft carries: a gear. 36 1 meshing with a pair'of-idler gears 31 journaled within said chamber; Each of the spindles: 23 carries a gear'38 meshing with one of the idlers 31-; but the faces-of the gear-s38 are slightly less a than half the width of the. faces of idlers iil; which permits one gear 38 to mesh with the up:

. per ,portion of the idler 3'1 while-the adjacent gear 3 8;meshes with the lower portion ofthe face ofithe sarne idler 31. Thus adjacent indle za are drivenfin thesame direction by the .sanie idler 31, andeach of the idler's 3! drives. two -of the four spindles withv which the. head. 3.31s. I

equipped, :In other words both idlers 31 rotate of their drive gears Lit-permits their axes to -be located very closeteg ethen and still allows; the

pinions 3t-to beofasubstantial summon-saga. (mate to the load to be transmitted, and is also conveniently" proportioned for econonriical pro with-a flange- 40. running between 'bearing'sdl of suitable bearing metal for supporting the spinv 'upperface' 44* which isengaged by the conical end 15 of; an adjusting =screw 46 by -which the dle vertically in position; and the working-thrust against the spindle is arranged to'be taken by theball1i2 disposed-between :the upper end of v the spindle and the plug 4.3; having a.beveled position of the thrust bearing y be a ll f t lv 7' w i fifffx' into driving' engaglement with the I claim as my invention: 7 1. In combination, an auger bit having a shank with a cutter at the end of the shank and a helical groove in the shank extending upwardly from the cutter, a second helical groove of opposite pitch connecting with the upper end of the first groove and extending upwardly therefrom in the shank, and means having a bore in which the shank rotates, said borehaving a lateral disslot extending higher than the first and providing an opening opposite said second helical groove. I

5. In combination with a mortising chisel an 7 auger bit'mounted for rotation within a bore in the chisel, said chisel having a lateral opening in said bore, a conveyor for chips extending upwardly from the cutter and operative. to move the chips upwardly along the shank for discharge through said opening-when the bit is rotated in one direction, and means 'operable'by rotation of the bit in the same direction to feed material downwardly along the shank away from that first groove and extending upwardly therefrom' I in the shank, and means having a bore enclosingthe shank with a lateral delivery opening adjacent the upper portion of the first groove, together with means connected to rotate the bit in a direction for feeding chips upwardly along the shank in the first mentioned groove, the second groove operating to feed chips downwardly and to oppose further upward travel of the chips fed by the first groove.

3. In combination with a mortising chisel an auger bit mounted for rotation within a bore in the chisel, said bit having a shank with a cutter at the end of the. shank and a helical groove in the shank extending upwardly from the cutter, and a second helical groove of opposite pitch connecting with the upper end of the first groove and extending upwardly therefrom in the shank, and the chisel having a lateral opening in its said bore extending opposite both helical grooves of the auger. V

4. In combination with a mortising chisel an auger'bit mounted for rotation within a bore in the chisel, said bit having a shank with a cutter at the end of the shank and a helical groove in the shank extending upwardly from the cutter, and a second helical groove of opposite pitch connecting with the upper end of thefirst groove and extending upwardly therefrom in the shank, and the chisel having slots in its Opp site faces respectively and extending longitudinally adjacent the grooved portion of the auger bit, one of said slots providing an opening opposite the lower portion of the first helical groove and the other portion of the bore which extends above the lateral opening in the chisel.

6. In combination with a mortising chisel an auger bit mounted for rotation within a bore in the chisel, saidchisel having a lateral opening in said bore, a conveyor for chips extending upwardly'from the cutter and operative to move the chips upwardly along the shank for discharge through said opening when the bit is rotated in one direction, and means operable by rotation of the bit in the same direction and cooperating with the bore of the chisel to oppose movement of material upwardly along the shank within the bore above the said lateral opening.

7. Incombination, a mortising chisel and an auger bit mounted for rotation within a bore in the chisel, said chisel having a lateral opening in said bore, the bit having a conveyor groove extending upwardly from its cutter and operative to move the chips upwardly along the shank when the bit is rotated in one direction, and one of said parts having a. conveyor groove disposed above the first mentioned groove and operable by rotation of the bit in the same direction to feed material downwardly along the bit. T

8. In an auger bit having a shank with a cutter at the end of the shank, a conveyor for chips extending upwardly from the cutter and operative to move the chips upwardly along the shank .when the bit is rotated in one direction, said conveyor including a discharge outlet at' its upper portion, and means extending along a portion of theshank above'said conveyor operable by rotation of the bit in the same direction to feed material downwardly toward the discharge outlet.

' JUDSON H. MANSFIELD. 

